Essay on Reader Response Criticism - 976 Words

Fish’s Reader Response Criticism is composed of two interdependent ideas: first, that the meaning of texts is shaped by the reading experience itself, and second, that these meanings cannot be judged to be correct or incorrect, but merely belonging to one â€Å"interpretive community† or another. The first idea may be identified as the executive aspect of Reader Response Criticism because it analyzes the act of reading, while the second idea is the epistemological aspect of the theory because it circumscribes the knowledge we can acquire about a text to the merely relative. Studied independently, each aspect of Reader Response Theory offers by itself strong arguments countervailing the formalist stance of the New Critics. But as we will see,†¦show more content†¦This excerpt begins at the level of innate human concepts (flesh) and proceeds through the more concrete level of medical terminology (muscles, blood, epidermis) and onwards through an evocative metapho r (red cloud). Before the reader reaches the final clause (â€Å"whose soul is lightning†), he has built up an expectation that a culminating trope will be used to close the sentence, as is usual. Instead, the fragment ends with â€Å"whose soul is lightning† which refers not to the red cloud, but to â€Å"the flesh itself.† In other words, the red cloud is not the object of the concluding clause, but a â€Å"psychological multiplier:† the reader sees a red cloud (associated with storms) and then sees lightning exacerbated by the immediately preceding image. Now the reader possesses a clear mental picture of the passionate flesh, but the strange syntax (both in French and English) leaves him uncertain about what exactly the text has said: is lightning the soul of the flesh? Is the soul the lightning emitted by the flesh? This is an important point—is the soul passion? Or is passion simply one of several manifestations of the soul? Yourcenar has d eliberately shrouded this discussion in complex syntax because the distinction itself confounds us. If you are lost as to what exactly the text says right now, Yourcenar has achieved her aim. Now take a look at Grace Frick’s artful translation of the same text: The flesh itself, that amazing instrument of muscles, blood, and skin, thatShow MoreRelatedEssay on Reader Response Criticism of All Bears717 Words   |  3 Pagesauthor is often not over their shoulder interpreting the text as he or she meant it to come across. The readers are usually equipped with their own previous knowledge, as well as society biases based on his or her previous life experiences. Solely from the use of these tools, as well as the reader’s vocabulary, will a reader interpret the words in front of him or her. Reader Response Criticism argues this very point. The point of any piece should be subjective, as in, it should give everyone theRead MoreEssay on Reader Response Criticism to Gods Determinations607 Words   |  3 Pages Reader Response Criticism to Gods Determinationsnbsp;nbsp; For the reader demanding either rational sense or aesthetic pleasure from poetry, reading the preface to Edward Taylors Gods Determinations is humbling in ways unintended by the 17th century Puritan minister and poet. Rationality per se seems rejected at the start, where we are asked first to comprehend Infinity, and then to envision it (everything) beholding all things(also everything). Things get no clearer as weRead More Essay on Camus’ The Stranger (The Outsider): Reader Response Criticism2226 Words   |  9 PagesReader Response Criticism to Camus’ The Stranger (The Outsider)  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Stranger (The Outsider), Albert Camus anticipates an active reader that will react to his text. He wants the reader to form a changing, dynamic opinion of Meursault. The reader can create a consciousness for Meursault from the facts that Meursault reports. By using vague and ambiguous language, Camus stimulates the reader to explore all possibilities of meaning. Camus also intends to shock the reader into rereadingRead More Reader-Response Criticism of James Joyce’s Eveline from Dubliners2399 Words   |  10 PagesSubjective Reader-Response Criticism of James Joyce’s Eveline The subjectivity evident in literary interpretation is hard to deny. Though one person may feel that James Joyce’s writing proves Joyce’s support of the feminist movement, another may believe that Joyce views women as inferior. What could account for such a difference in opinions? Schwarz explains that subjective reader-response critics would respond to a question such as this by answering that each reader uses the Read MoreThe Theories Of New Criticism1472 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the early part of the 20th century, the formalist theories of New Criticism arose as the preeminent approach to teaching literature in college and high school curricula. Centered on the idea that there is a single, fixed meaning inherent in a literary work, New Criticism is text centered with no consideration given to the author or the reader. The text exists in and of itself, and New Critics advocate methodical and systematic reading, focusing on the structure of the text to define itsRead MoreEssay on Reader Response to The Silmarillion by J.R.R. Tolkien801 Words   |  4 Pages Position Paper: Reader-response nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I read a book the other day. It was a wonderful book called The Silmarillion by J.R.R. Tolkien. I really enjoyed it; it gives the background information on the creation of Middle Earth. In it, Tolkien tells us of Illà ºvatar, Eà ¤, the Valar and the birth of Elves, Dwarves and Men. But, you know, I don’t think it has anything at all to do with Elves, Dwarves, Men and some god named Illà ºvatar. I think Tolkien really wanted to write a BiblicalRead More Reader Response to James Joyces The Dead Essays1072 Words   |  5 PagesReader Response to Joyces The Dead       James Joyces story The Dead has a tremendous impact on the readers, especially those who are familiar with the political situation in Ireland at the time about which the Joyce wrote the final story in Dubliners.   In exploring the meaning of James Joyces long short-story, The Dead, there are many critical approaches to take.   Each approach gives readers a lens, a set of guidelines through which to examine and express ideasRead MoreDo We Write the Text We Read by Reed Way Dasenbrock802 Words   |  3 Pagesaltered and revised as the text permits. Dasenbrock argues that through this passing theory, readers develop a sense of value for the literary work and can progress their own learning capabilities. Dasenbrock utilizes other theorists to make this point, specifically Stanley Fish who postulates that individuals read texts differently because they interpret differently. He explains that interpretations of the reader are created through their beliefs and furthermore, that because people have such differentRead MoreA World Of Calamity, By Ross Gay883 Words   |  4 Pagespoetry to readers allowing them to gain understanding of the cruel world that one lives in. Moreover, the unusual brutalities that people are inevitable confronted with in life. The common denominators within Gay’s poems such as violence, love, fear, and loss allows the reader to visualize characters’ transfo rmation within his poems. In a world of calamity, Gay has created poems that portray the corporal conforming to gender and sex but also human development. Using a reader-response criticism lens,Read More The Shifting Narratee in The Turn of the Screw Essay892 Words   |  4 Pagesto whom a narrative is addressed. First, he establishes what a zero-degree narratee (or possessor of a minimum number of specific narratee characteristics identified by Prince) is and is not: A narratee is not the actual reader, the implied reader, or the ideal reader. The narratee is beholden to the narrator, because, Without the assistance of the narrator, without his explanations and the information supplied by him, the narratee is able neither to interpret the value of an action or to

The Effects Of Government On Our Life Essay - 1653 Words

Effects of government on our life As a citizen of the United States of America it is easy to get caught up with your day to day life and not realize everything going on around you. If you sit back and think about all the ways government affects you, you will be amazed. Let’s discuss our different levels of government, our federalist style of government, the pros and cons associated with our federalist style, the way government affects you daily, the private sector, as well as what things our government is involved in I feel is unnecessary. First, the three spheres or levels of government in the American Democracy are National Government, State Government, and Local Government. Most American citizens have more contact with their local or state government than their federal government. Local government is what most people come into contact with in their daily life. Local government is divided into two different sectors counties and cities. Our local government has responsibility for city parks, our police and fire departments, as well as our school districts and hospitals. In our local government we elect as a people the mayor and other city council members to use the funds they are provided by the state and residents to make our cities great. As for the state government, â€Å"All powers not granted to the federal government are reserved for the states and the people†. (U.S. Constitution) The state government must have a republican form of government. This was guaranteed byShow MoreRelatedThe Federalism Of The U nited States1119 Words   |  5 PagesFederalism idea as putting into effect the Constitution for Federal, State, and Local governments. These areas are served as different areas with different needs and goals within the federalist theory. The National Government has expressed powers over the nation and subjects that effect our nation. The State has limited powers that are involved within the State’s boundaries. The local government is expressed to help regulate the states. All together the governments make one unitary system that canRead MoreEssay about How Divorce is Affecting the American Culture1667 Words   |  7 PagesThe effects of divorce on the American culture are immense. Social scientists have been studying these effects for many years now. The studies are continuing to confirm that the climbing rate of divorce in the American culture is hurting the society and also frequently devastating the lives of many American children. There are many areas in which divo rce has a negative effect in the life of a child or an adult. Many of these effects also directly correlate to the effect on a society. HoweverRead MoreCrisis On The Horizon : Global Warming1736 Words   |  7 Pagescontributed to the increase in its effects has been widely debated over the past few decades. The relationship we have with the world is changing its very inhabitability and the United States of America’s government is trying to implement a change but, it may be few and far from what the earth needs to stop the snowballing heat our atmosphere is creating. There are three major things to know understanding how the greenhouse effect works and how it affects humans, what the government is doing, or not doing,Read MoreIndex of Economic Freedom Essay908 Words   |  4 Pagesconsequences play out on the grand scale, in the long run. In this paper we look at the proxy effects of policies intended by governments to forge policies in the short run, as compared to the i nevitable effects that flow from these policies in the long run. Our primary tools are the Index of Economic Freedom calculated annually by The Heritage Foundation and the Wall Street Journal, and basic quality of life measures from the CIA World Factbook. Because the Heritage index has gained some criticismRead MoreGlobalization : The World Of Politics And The Human Population1648 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization influences many aspects of human life, it is a process of change, the process of collaboration and integration among the people and businesses of different nations, it is a process propelled by trade, investment and technology. The process of globalization has great purpose for bring people together and sharing ideas however, it has effects on the environment, culture, the economy, politics and the human population (Globalization 101). Globalization has effected the environment dueRead MoreProblems with Limiting Freedom of Speech1006 Words   |  5 Pagesdictatorial Government would undertake which, with many factors considered, is true. The actions that in many cases are considered by these Governments are; Threats of imprisonments if the individual acts in an unfavourable way, prohibition of political parties and protests, also a very common limitation undertook within many places, such as Korea, is the censorship of the media and the killing or imprisonment of Journalists who have took part in media considered offensive to the current Government or actsRead MoreThe Science Fiction Film Genre Essay1683 Words   |  7 Pagesfiction films give us a taste of what our lives would be like if our technological situation were different. These technological changes could be a result of humans taking a different path in the past or the present, evolving into the future or as a result of a visit by extra-terrestrials. It may sound obvious but a science fiction film is fiction. While science fiction films deal with real concerns they are entirely fictional. The film Deep Impact (1998) plays on our fear of Armageddon. While an asteroidRead MoreUnderstanding The Reading Strategy Of Cause And Effect1308 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Cause and effect isn’t just a writing strategy nevertheless it is a strategy for life. Everything in the world has a cause and effect, such as if you put your hand in a fire you are liable to get burned. Throughout your whole life this structure will apply when you’re in school, work and even in your personal. With school if you don’t study for a test 75% of the time you might even fail. With work if you don’t do your job correctly there will be repercussions. While in life well there are multiplyRead MoreShould The Federal Government Should Allow Free College Tuition And The Effects And Consequences Of Doing900 Words   |  4 Pagesputting this country in massive debt motivates our government to consider granting free tuition for public college. Therefore, leading to this discussion on why the federal government should allow free college tuition and the effects and consequences of doing so. Introducing the Issue According to Dan Lips, (an analyst at the Heritage foundation) tuition and fees of public colleges have had over a 125% increase since 1986. This is the direct result of government subsidies that try to make college â€Å"affordable†Read MorePoverty Is A Hot Topic On The Current World Of Politics1467 Words   |  6 Pagesliving in poverty. Poverty can affect anyone and effect everyone in our society. One may wonder what poverty is and why poverty is a big issue or does it have a large impact on our societies. Webster’s dictionary defines poverty as the state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions. In a world that is full of the latest and the most advanced possessions and technologies to enhanced our way of life, it seems that there is a remedy for almost anything

Music as Social and Political Instrument of Change in Latin America Free Essays

Philosophers and critics have long argued over which way the maxim should read:   does art imitate life, or does life imitate art?   Historically, artists of every medium have contributed to the social dialogue via there works, whether through hieroglyphics depicting a successful journey to the underworld, a holy Requiem for the dead, or shock artist Robert Mapplethorpe’s sexually and religiously controversial exhibits.   Music transcends most art forms as a tool for unification because it inherently invites participation, even more so than dance or theater in the realm of the performing arts, which demand more individual preparation.   Songs and chants can be generated anywhere, and often hearken back to indigenous folk music that taps into a communal experience, thus strengthening the sense of interconnectedness. We will write a custom essay sample on Music as Social and Political Instrument of Change in Latin America or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Latin American, two similar genres of music developed out of the cultural music of the region in response to contemporary socio-political issues that personally affected in Chile and Cuba.   In Chile, Nueva Cancià ³n (â€Å"New Song†) emerged in the mid-1960s, just as Nueva Trova was taking root in Cuba.   In light of the New Song movement’s intimate relationships in the revolutions that rocked Latin America during the late 60s to mid 70s, one is urged to conclude that Eric Selbin’s assertion regarding revolutions being â€Å"made† not â€Å"arriving† more accurately reflects the inherent ideological influence in socio-political upheaval.   As Nancy Morris records a member of the musical movement saying, â€Å"’[Canto Nuevo is] not just a post-1973 way of singing.   In what is said and how it’s said poetically and musically, Canto Nuevo is a process’† (qtd. in Morris 118). Both musical movements stemmed from artistic reactions to the living and working conditions in Chile and Cuba respectively, and both embraced traditional folk music’s conventions as a platform to express politicized lyrics.   â€Å"New Song began as a fusion of traditional musical forms with socially relevant lyrics.   Although each country has developed variations of New Song that reflect local social and political conditions and musical styles, New Song as a whole can be characterized as music intended to support and promote social change† (Morris 117). In Chile, songwriter, activist, educator, poet and martyr Victor Para wrote songs that for many defined the atmosphere of the movement and the hope of the community. His song, â€Å"Plegaria a un Labrador,† which â€Å"uses Biblical language to convey a message of hope and change,† was chosen as the best song of the Primer Festival de la Nueva Cancià ³n Chilena in 1969 (Morris 120).   Jara’s music (and the music of the entire movement) was like a responding chorus to the political requests of Salvador Allende, the Unidad Popular (â€Å"Popular Unity†) coalition candidate.   In â€Å"Plegaria a un Labrador,† Jara wrote the following lyrics: levà ¡ntate y mà ­rate las manos,  para crecer estrà ©chalas a tu hermano.   Juntos iremos   unidos en la sangre.   Hoy es el tiempo que puede ser maà ±ana   rise up and look upon your hands,   so as to grow clasp your brother’s in your own.   We shall advance together united in our blood.   Today is the time/when we can shape tomorrow. These lyrics suggest a call to arms and a charge to unify (i.e., â€Å"Unidad Popular†) so that the many can affect positive change for the good of the citizenry.   Yet there is still a sense of hope in the song, that the working class have the capacity to stand together and â€Å"advance,† not simply battle meaninglessly against oppression.   Jara went on to openly support Allende, including performing free concerts. Only three years after Allende was elected, the US-supported military staged a coup on September 11, 1973.   Allende most likely committed suicide. â€Å"The music of the Nueva Cancià ³n was severely affect by this media censorship [after the coup]. It was banned from the airwaves, removed from record stores, confiscated, and burned†¦ musicians were exiled, imprisoned, and, in the well-known case of Victor Jara, killed† (Morris 123). On September 12, 1973, Jara and thousands of other Allende supporters were taken to the Chile Stadium, where Jara was tortured and murdered.   The new government tried to silence the Nueva Cancià ³n by forcing the musicians to hide, but the music was not the property of the musicians; as Jara so eloquently wrote, the music was for the working people of Chile, and thus is was not to be completely suppressed. In Cuba, the revolution began with in 1953 with the guerilla attack on the Moncada Barracks and culminated in the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista’s government on January 1, 1959 by a group, which included Fidel Castro, Raul Castro, and Ernesto â€Å"Che† Guevara.   After he assumed power, Castro spent the early part of the 1960s eliminating all Batista loyalists, including the mass execution of 70 Batista regime soldiers.   One crucial element of support for Castro’s social change, even in the wake of such brutality, was the proliferation of songs that supported the revolution and its progressive intentions. Artists such as Silvio Rodrà ­guez and   Pablo Milanà ©s were responsible for the Nueva Trova in the late 60s, and their efforts were directed to re-imagining the traditional music for the new culture under Castro’s political umbrella.   To this end, the government sponsored and supported those artists of the movement, because they were, in turn, supporting the progressive movements of the new party.   Both Rodrà ­guez and Milanà ©s wrote songs for Che Guevara, for example.   â€Å"By negotiating their way through Cuban cultural politics, Rodriguez’s generation defined their politics in the process, proving Cuban culture to be diverse and inspiring,†¦challenging propaganda clichà ©s by creating the distinctive self- critical songs of the Cuban revolution,† (Fairly 15). In both countries, the music makers were part of the recipe for social and political change.   Their lyrics gave illiterate people a way to express their frustrations and concerns, and the musicians of the Nueva Cancià ³n worked with and against the political forces of their day.   As Fairly writes:  In a country not blessed with newspapers, the words of songs matter: songs like the iconic Ojala, a song about impossible desire and dreams that seems to capture all life’s uncertainties in one, became the soundtrack of everyday life across the Spanish-speaking world. Although he was no apologist for the revolution, Rodriguez’s popularity at home became so great that people joked that he had gone from being â€Å"banned† to â€Å"obligatory.† (15)  This sense of obligation is part of the way in which many people have a hand in creating and growing massive socio-political movements. Works Cited Jan Fairley. â€Å"Film Music: Jazz, World, Folk etc†¦ An accidental hero: For Latin Americans, Silvio Rodriguez is the equivalent of the Beatles and Dylan rolled into one. Ahead of a rare UK visit, Jan Fairley met the Cuban singer.† The Guardian Sept. 2006: 15.  Ã‚   National Newspapers, London, UK. ProQuest. 6 Feb. 2007 ;http://www.proquest.com/;  Morris, Nancy.   â€Å"Canto Porque es Necesario Cantar: The New Song Movement in Chile, 1973-1983.† Latin American Research Review 21.2 (1986): 117-136. ; ; How to cite Music as Social and Political Instrument of Change in Latin America, Essay examples

Information Governance Desired Goal of the System

Question: Discuss about the Report for Information Governance for Desired Goal of the System. Answer: Introduction Information Governance or IG can be seen as the process of ensuring efficient use of resources of an organization to achieve the desired goal of the system. IG is a multidisciplinary structure that deals with the policies and processes for managing the information and hence using it for satisfying the operational requirements of the organization (Smallwood 2014). This work is aimed to review to article related to information governance. In his article Debreceny (2013) has discussed the research that was done on IT governance, associated risk and the values of the system, further the challenges and the opportunity encountered during the research has been presented for a deeper understanding of the subject. The second article SpremiĆ¡ et al. (2013) have discussed the implementation of IT governance standards and business continuity management in the banking sector in Croatia and Bosnia. The authors have discovered a novel technique of combining the technology and the planning perspective for business continuity management. Analysis The IT governance is the framework that ensures the support of IT infrastructure to enable and ensure the strategic goals of the organization. The IT governance is an umbrella which contains specific domains like Business Continuity Management, regulations, service management, project governance, etc. (De Haes and Van Grembergen 2015). With the recent evolution of computer and allied accessories and services the information and IT governance have become almost one (Community.aiim.org, 2016). The article authored by Debreceny (2013) has discussed the broader aspect of the IT governance and SpremiĆ¡ et al. (2013) have discussed BCM (Business Continuity management) for IT governance in the two countries. Strategic Information Systems (IS) management ensures the utilization of the existing knowledge for forecasting the results of the processes according to the requirement. BCM fall under the umbrella of Information system management, it ensures resilience to the business and easy and fast trouble shooting framework (Jrvelinen 2013). The main issue that has been addressed in the first paper has been due to the issue that has been faced in Accounting Information System (AIS). As has been mentioned in the paper, there is a wide range of research interest in the area of IT Governance, the research areas that have caught the fancy of the researcher are risk management, management of values and value delivery which helps in sorting out the problems of both AIS and MIS (Management Information System). The research in the domain of ITG have helped in better functioning of business by helping in the evolution of business strategic planning with the help of IT enabled tools, setting up of effic ient technological platform for better performance and firm management (Debreceny 2013). In the second paper, the authors have emphasised the importance of the BCM techniques which has emerged again with the advent of the internet and e-business. With the evolution of the technology the BCM has become an integral part of the Information System (IS). The businesses today need the services to be available round the clock for ensuring continuous availability, hence making the BCM the most vital tool for each business (SpremiĆ¡ et al. 2013). The literature review done by the author of the paper suggests that the investment dimensions of ITG demands assurance of facilitation of the strategic and the tactical goals of the organization. ITG is the subset of the corporate governance although the line that existed between them is slowly fading with the advent of the mobile computing devices. The umbrella of corporate governance covers various parameters and ITG is evidently the most important one and the penetration of technology has eased the different aspects of the business (Bnten et al. 2014). The literature review done by SpremiĆ¡ et al. (2013) shows the emergence of separate discipline for IT around 15 years ago. The emergence of the technology has reduced the separation between the IT and managerial disciplines with the emergence of online business platforms as mentioned before. The high availability systems which have an uptime for almost 99%, are deciding the fate of business with advanced user feedback too ls that records data throughout the day. Theses system decides the various scenarios for availability depending upon the availability, downtime, tolerance, etc. An adaptation form the paper shows the impact of downtime upon the user of the online services. The continuously available services that have an uptime of more than 99.99% had no impact upon the tolerance level of the user, the system with little lower rate of uptime 99.9% created a business interruption, but a system with lesser uptime resulted in business losses that could be very vital for an organization. Business Continuity Institute (thebci.org 2016), has defined the BCM as the holistic management process that help the system in identification of the potential threats to an organization and helps in making the system more versatile and resilient to stress. The risk management in an organization can be assessed with the help of tools like audits and quality assessments of the system. The aspects that have to be properly scrutinized include the Information System (IS) and the IT. The aim of such audit that is carried out in the system is to understand the key business processes and the impact of IT upon them. This helps in contingency analysis, the security threats to the system and a better and efficient control of the system. After the identification of the contingencies, the required steps have to be taken into account for prevention, they are acceptance (organization lives with the risk), reduction (necessary steps are taken to reduce the impact), avoidance (nullifies the problem) , sharing (shares among the people for reducing the impact). According to Debreceny (2013) the core issue with the ITG lies with the alignment of ITG and the allied processes of the system. Many researchers have worked upon the strategic alignment of the system for setting a proper technological direction. Since all the decisions are taken by the finance department of the system, hence the major consumer of the IT services of a system is the finance department as it need to understand the various aspect of the project its progress and the real need and demand. Also IT helps the top brass of the organization to keep track of the system progress thus helping them to take decisions that are in best interest of the company. The increased integration of the various chains into one system too has made the decision maker dependent upon the real time data generation for which the internal audit function plays a major role in deciding the different aspect of the system functions (Huber 2013) . The author also feels that the revenue invested in audit and the resources allotted for audit is very low and should be increased for a better system. Further in his paper the author has given the research direction for researchers, he has mentioned that process maturity is an important aspect of ITG and due importance should be given to it for a better system. Conclusion In this article, the various aspects of information governance were discussed in detail for better management of the system. For a better understanding of the subject, two articles have been critically compared, contrasted and analyzed. The first article which discusses the IT governance for information governance, the risks and values have helped in understanding the challenges and the opportunities that make or mars a system. The second article detailed the development of business continuity management over a decade and implementation of technology and planning for better information governance. The analyses of the two articles have helped in developing a better understanding of the subject. References Bnten, S., Joshi, A., De Haes, S., and Van Grembergen, W., 2014. Understanding the association between IT governance maturity and IT governance disclosure.International Journal of IT/Business Alignment and Governance (IJITBAG),5(1), pp.16-33. Community.aiim.org. (2016). Defining the Differences Between Information Governance, IT Governance, Data Governance - Association for Information and Image Management International. [online] Available at: https://community.aiim.org/blogs/robert-smallwood/2014/08/18/defining-the-differences-between-information-governance-it-governance--data-governance [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. De Haes, S. and Van Grembergen, W., 2015.Enterprise Governance of Information Technology: Achieving Alignment and Value, Featuring COBIT 5. Springer. Debreceny, R.S., 2013. Research on IT governance, risk, and value: Challenges and opportunities.Journal of Information Systems,27(1), pp.129-135. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Huber, G.P., 2013. 16 Information Technology and Organizational Decision Making The effects of advanced information technologies on.Strategic Information Management, p.460. Jrvelinen, J., 2013. IT incidents and business impacts: Validating a framework for continuity management in information systems.International Journal of Information Management,33(3), pp.583-590. Smallwood, R.F., 2014.Information Governance: Concepts, strategies, and best practices. John Wiley Sons. SpremiĆ¡, M., BajgoriĆ¡, N. and Turulja, L., 2013. Implementation of IT governance standards and business continuity management in transition economies: The case of the banking sector in Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina.Ekonomska istraÃ…Â ¾ivanja,26(1), pp.183-202. The user, S. (2016). What is Business Continuity?. [online] Thebci.org. Available at: https://www.thebci.org/index.php/resources/what-is-business-continuity [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016].

Seasonality in Melaka Tourism Industry free essay sample

Seasonality in tourism demand is common among all sectors which involve in the industry and become a focal issue, particularly in the peripheral destinations and areas with four seasons. Seasonality phenomenon in tourism can be seen obviously in the East Coast of the Peninsular Malaysia during the Northeast Monsoon due to the heavy rainfalls and this affect seriously on the tourist arrivals to the islands which are the main tourist destinations. The issues of seasonality in tourism demand should not only focus on the natural aspect, where we could also look through some places which might have the possibility of having the same phenomenon in other tourist destinations. Thus, the main objectives of this research are to identify the pattern of tourist arrivals and to examine the factors of the seasonal tourism demand. The reason of doing this research in Melaka is because of the increment in tourist arrivals and heavy tourism activities since it was declared as one of the World Heritage Cities by UNESCO in year 2008. We will write a custom essay sample on Seasonality in Melaka Tourism Industry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, the congestion and overcrowded during peak season which exceed the carrying capacity has affected the quality of the environment and the travel experience of the tourists. On the other hand, the seasonal phenomenon also affects on the tourism businesses particularly during the low season which causes them hard to survive. The local authority has to take actions to overcome this problem in ensuring an excellent tourism development since the economic development of Melaka relies heavily on the tourism industry within the area.

Free Essays on Reality In A Midsummer Nights Dream

â€Å"More strange than true. I never may believe these antic fables, nor these fairy toys. Lovers and madmen have such seething brains, such shaping fantasies, that apprehend more than cool reason ever comprehends. The lunatic, the lover, and the poet are of imagination all compact. One sees more devils than vast hell can hold; that is the madman. The lover, all as frantic, sees Helen’s beauty in a brow of Egypt. The poet’s eye, in a fine frenzy rolling, doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven; and as imagination bodies forth the forms of things unknown, the poet’s pen turns them to shapes, and gives to aery nothing a local habitation and a name. Such tricks hath strong imagination , that if it would but apprehend some joy, it comprehends some bringer of that joy; or in the night, imagining some fear, how easy is a bush suppos’d a bear!† Theseus (5.1.2-22) In the concluding act of A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Theseus refers to the madness of love through his discussion of the relationship between lovers, poets, and madmen. Love’s virtue is defined through a common image of sight, which tries to make a distinction between what is rational and what is not in love. Theseus is stressing the point that love is of the imagination; it makes a person see things that are not really there. The passage is extremely visual, allowing the reader to understand Theseus’ point clearly. The lover, the poet, and the madman are paralleled through the common image of sight to suggest that truth is ultimately subjective, such that each person makes his own truth. The mentally ill hallucinate, lovers see ugly people as beautiful, and poets create an imaginary world to give life to ideas by "giving to aery nothing a local habitation and a name." After hearing of the events in the woods shared between the young lovers, Theseus feels that the events are â€Å"more strange than true,† as they are more bizarre than... Free Essays on Reality In A Midsummer Night's Dream Free Essays on Reality In A Midsummer Night's Dream â€Å"More strange than true. I never may believe these antic fables, nor these fairy toys. Lovers and madmen have such seething brains, such shaping fantasies, that apprehend more than cool reason ever comprehends. The lunatic, the lover, and the poet are of imagination all compact. One sees more devils than vast hell can hold; that is the madman. The lover, all as frantic, sees Helen’s beauty in a brow of Egypt. The poet’s eye, in a fine frenzy rolling, doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven; and as imagination bodies forth the forms of things unknown, the poet’s pen turns them to shapes, and gives to aery nothing a local habitation and a name. Such tricks hath strong imagination , that if it would but apprehend some joy, it comprehends some bringer of that joy; or in the night, imagining some fear, how easy is a bush suppos’d a bear!† Theseus (5.1.2-22) In the concluding act of A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Theseus refers to the madness of love through his discussion of the relationship between lovers, poets, and madmen. Love’s virtue is defined through a common image of sight, which tries to make a distinction between what is rational and what is not in love. Theseus is stressing the point that love is of the imagination; it makes a person see things that are not really there. The passage is extremely visual, allowing the reader to understand Theseus’ point clearly. The lover, the poet, and the madman are paralleled through the common image of sight to suggest that truth is ultimately subjective, such that each person makes his own truth. The mentally ill hallucinate, lovers see ugly people as beautiful, and poets create an imaginary world to give life to ideas by "giving to aery nothing a local habitation and a name." After hearing of the events in the woods shared between the young lovers, Theseus feels that the events are â€Å"more strange than true,† as they are more bizarre than...

Finds religion in Bloomington(Bloomington,Indiana) Essay

Finds religion in Bloomington(Bloomington,Indiana) - Essay Example Subsequently, other religions emerged as witnessed today. However, one might wonder if there are evidences of religion in Bloomington, Indiana. There are many evidences that indicate that Bloomington is a religious centre. Faithful from different religions have established their centers in this place that is an indication of religious freedom. In the school I learn, IUB, there are religious courses offered which is an indication that people are religious. In this paper, I will analyze the evidences of religion in Bloomington, Indiana using pictures, descriptions, statistics, and interviews quotations. Just as mentioned earlier, religion plays a fundamental role in the lives of the human beings making it part of them. Americans are religious people with statistics showing that 48.78 % of the populations are religious. With the high number of the religious population, around 20% are Catholic faithful or belongs to that denomination and around 10% attend Baptist churches or denomination (Sperlings 1). The religious nature of Americans is spread across the states and other countries. For instance, 48% of Bloomington, Indiana residents are religious. Catholics comprise about 9%; Baptist comprises of 8%, Methodist 6%, Islam 3.8%, and the statistics continue with other churches and religions (City-data.com 1). Therefore, there is enough evidence from this statistics to believe that religion is present in Bloomington, Indiana. Similarly, there is evidence that residents of Bloomington do not attend to one religion; there are many, and individuals have options of choosing from the available ones. However, there is a surprising turn from what is written in the literatures and what is on the ground. Bloomington has been a religious place from the past centuries and decades since this is where some clergy and activist like Martin Luther King Junior lived and arrested. Their stories show the great

The General Images and Perceptions of Liverpool from an outsider Essay

The General Images and Perceptions of Liverpool from an outsider (tourist or international student) - Essay Example This paper discusses the many areas of development which Liverpool undertook to grow its economy. The various features of its development have also been elucidated. These, plus those made within her tourism industry has greatly contributed to Liverpools economy and what we see as modern Liverpool of today. As shown in the UK map above, Liverpool, a coastal city lying alongside the north shore of river Mersey, is an important city and seaport of England. The centre of the city forms the nucleus of Merseyside County, and constitutes a part only of the greater Lancashire. The proper city of Liverpool, therefore, makes up for a borough of the metropolitan county of Merseyside forming an irregular crescent along the estuary of river Mersey, only a few miles away from the Irish Sea. The population of Liverpool is 439,476 and its met. area population is 1,362,034. Liverpool city is a large manufacturing and commercial place in England and is the major city of the metropolitan area of Merseyside. Liverpools City Centre district is one the biggest shopping centres in the United Kingdom. Since it lies on the banks of river Mersey it has many buildings that form UKs important landmarks. These conspicuous buildings include the Royal twin-tower Liver Building with each of the tower crested by the "liver bird" sculpture. It was after this mythical bird that the city is known to have been named. The other notable buildings within the premises of commercial area include: Liverpools inner city area is located at the outskirts of commercial center. The centre of inner city, which in the past was considered a suburban area, abounds with many old buildings and houses. Nevertheless, one part of the inner city area also has the Roman Catholic Metropolitan Cathedral; the Liverpool University, and the Anglican Church, while the suburban area now lies outside the inner city. There is a Walker Art Gallery within the Liverpool city, which has one of UKs remarkable collections of

Investment Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Investment Report - Essay Example Apple has a very minimal control over its external relations with other countries due to America’s indulgence in war on terrorism (Strategic planning13, 2014). A majority of Apple’s products are manufactured outside of the US. The list of countries includes names such as, China, Ireland and Korea. Political disagreements with these countries may impact the company’s operations severely (Slideee, 2014; Johnson, Whittington and Scholes, 2011). The economic downturn may have a severe impact on the company’s sales and improvements that could be made within the operations. Apple’s products are perceived as luxury segment products by some, which is why individuals have started heavily spending on them. Moreover, due to higher rate of inflation, income is low and unemployment rate is high. As a result, Apple could risk a severe reduction in the level of sales. Due to such volatile economic situations, the value of US dollar keeps fluctuating. Even so, to shield the company from such exposure, considerable amount of foreign currencies is purchased (Strategic planning13, 2014; Slideee, 2014). Possession of Apple products is considered as a demonstrator of status symbol in many societies. This factor has amplified the level of sales for many Apple Inc products. Given the fact that the purchasing power of common people have increased in various markets across the world, purchase of luxury products has amplified as well. As the world cannot be envisaged without gadgets, the products manufactured by Apple have gained worldwide appreciation (Strategic planning13, 2014; Slideee, 2014; Frynas and Mellahi, 2011). The technological environment that surrounds Apple Inc has evolved considerably over past few years. Most importantly, computers and phones have become a popular commodity. Apple Inc is placed at the topmost position in the market for manufacturing innovative products and most relevant aspect of the products offered is that

Solid Waste Disposal

Solid Waste Disposal INTRODUCTION Human development and health is greatly influenced by the environment in which they live in (Centre for Disease Control, 2009). Solid waste constitutes a major source of environmental hazard. Environmental hazards accounts for an estimated 25 % of the total burden of disease worldwide and nearly 35 % of ill-health in sub Saharan Africa is caused by environmental hazards (WHO, 2009). This dissertation is a report of a qualitative study done to find out the perceptions of Warri South Local Authority staff on solid waste and its disposal in Warri municipal. According to Beede and Bloom (2003), the perception and attitude of people towards waste can affect the way it is managed; hence it is essential to gain an insight and knowledge about the perception of Warri South Local Authority staff on solid waste and its disposal in Warri since they play a major role in the planning and running of Warri municipal. If they do not perceive waste disposal in Warri as a priority, little or no attenti on will be given to it. This first chapter starts by offering a background for the study. It will highlight the problem of municipal solid waste and depict its importance and public health consequences. The purpose of study, methodology adopted and potential benefits of this study are also discussed briefly. Overview of other chapters will also be discussed. BACKGROUND FOR THE STUDY The World Health Organization (WHO) constitution of 1964, defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (Naidoo and Williams, 2000). A clean environment is one of the prerequisite of a good health because there is a close relationship between the environment and peoples health. A high quality environment allow people to live longer in good and positive health (ref) Solid waste constitutes a major source of environmental hazard if not properly managed. The activities of humans and animals produce waste and the way these wastes are handled, stored, collected and disposed of, can pose risks to the environment and to public health (Tchobanoglous et al, 1993; Baritone, 1995; Ofomata, 2001, Da Zhu et al, 2008). Municipal solid waste (MSW) refers to non-air and non-sewage emissions created within and disposed of by a municipality this includes household garbage, commercial refuse, construction and demolition debris, dead animals, and abandoned vehicles (Cointreau, 1982; Walling et al., 2004). There are several classification of solid waste based on their origin, characteristics and risk potentials (Ofomata and Eze, 2001). They are broadly classified by their characteristic as biodegradable and non-biodegradable. This classification is based on the quality of solid waste generated from different sources. According to Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA, 2007), biodegradable waste consists of all organic wastes that decay naturally as the result of the action of micro organisms into useful or less polluting products. Non-biodegradable wastes consist of wastes that do not breakdown naturally and must be recycled, burnt or buried; a common example is the plastic shopping bag (Williams, 2005). In the beginning of civilization, disposal of waste was not a significant problem because population was small and land available for assimilation of waste was abundant (Tchobanoglous et al, 1993; Ahmed and Ali, 2004). Solid waste generated by the traditional society were little and simple, mostly containing organic matter while those generated by todays technological societies are large and complex. Problems of waste disposal started from the time people began to assemble in clans, villages, and communities and the build up of waste became a consequence of life (Tchobanoglous et al, 1993) The rapid developments of cities across the globe have led to an increase in the amount of waste produced from human activities; this has posed a challenge of disposal to both developed and less developing nations (WHO, 2009). According to United Nations Development Programme survey report of one hundred and fifty one mayors of different cities from around the world, inadequate solid waste disposal is the second most pressing problem facing city residents after unemployment (Da Zhu et al, 2008). This problem is further compounded as many nations continue to urbanize rapidly and to increase in population, making it difficult for most municipal authorities to provide most of the basic services (Ogbonna et al, 2002, Ayotamuno and Gobo, 2004). According to United Nation Statistic Division (UNSD, 2009) Nigeria has a population of about 140 million with an annual urban growth of 3.8%. It is a developing country that has persistent solid waste management problems in addition to her growing population (Walling et al, 2004). An average Nigerian generates about 0.49 kg of solid waste per day with households and commercial centres contributing almost 90% of total urban waste burden (Uguwh, 2009) Developing countries spend as much as 20 to 40% of their municipal revenues on waste management (Thomas-Hope 1998, Schà ¼beler 1996, Bartone 2000); yet they are often unable to solve the problem as one to two-thirds of the solid waste generated is not collected, while the uncollected waste is dumped on the land in a more or less uncontrolled manner (Onwurah et al, 2003, Da Zhu et al, 2008). Even the collected waste is often disposed in an uncontrolled dump site or burnt, contributing to water and air pollution (Da Zhu et al, 2008). Indiscriminate disposal and dumping of waste has become a common practice in Nigerian cities. Municipal solid waste heaps are found in several parts of major Nigerian cities like Warri, often blocking roads, alleys, and pavements (Ayotamuno and Gobo, 2004). Most of the waste dumps are located close to residential areas, Markets, farms, roadsides, and creeks; with many human activities close to the dump sites, there is an increase threat to public health (Ogbonna et al, 2002). Generally, the uncollected solid wastes are left to decay, and this produces foul odour thereby constituting a source of environmental nuisance (Ofomata and Eze, 2001). Uncontrolled burning, another common method of disposing waste in Nigeria and this have often led to fire outbreaks. Smoke arising from such fires can reduce visibility, and have been known to cause fatal vehicular accidents (Ofomata and Eze, 2001). Warri is a major oil city located in Delta state Nigeria, with a population of over a million. Its population is rapidly growing due to urbanization and oil exploration activities; the total waste load for Warri is about 66 721 tonnes per year (Ajao and Anurigwo , 2002). Municipal Solid Waste and Public Health Implication The management of municipal solid waste is becoming a major public health and environmental concern in urban areas of many developing countries (Harris, 2004). The improper management of solid wastes represents a source of environmental pollution, and poses risks to human health (Puri et al., 2008). Municipal waste in most cities contain human excreta, animal excreta, hazardous chemical pollutants and sharps which can facilitate the spread of diseases and injury particularly among children playing near waste dumpsites and employees in waste management sector (Da Zhu et al, 2008). Poor disposal of solid waste is associated with spread of vector borne-diseases like malaria and dengue fever (McKenzie et al., 2004; Puri et al., 2008). Infrequently disposed refuse tend to become breeding sites for mosquitoes, as pools of rain water collect in discarded cans, bottles and car tires (Ofomata and Eze, 2001) Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of malaria-a life threatening disease through their bites (Human Protection Agency, 2009). Malaria accounts for an estimated 300-500 million cases globally; which is an endemic disease in sub-Saharan Africa. It accounts for about 1.5-2.5 million deaths yearly, most of them among children under five years (WHO, 2009). Decomposing organic materials can become breeding sites for pests, rats, flies and vermin that enhance the likelihood of disease transmission like diarrhoea and Lassa fever (Simon, 2008). Lassa fever is a haemorrhagic fever common in four African countries: Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. It is transmitted to humans from contacts with food or household items contaminated with rodent excreta (HPA, 2009; WHO, 2009). Uncollected waste left to accumulate or dumped in the streets can block water drains and channels which can cause flooding, posing significant environmental and public health risks (Whiteman et al, 2008). Ground or surface water pollution can occur when rain water combines with decomposing waste and seep through permeable soil, finally contaminating surface and ground water with both lethal materials and pathogenic organisms (Ofomata and Eze, 2001); this is extremely dangerous as ground water is the main source of drinking water for most cities in the developing world (Oluwasola, 2007). Incineration of municipal solid waste contributes to air pollution by the release of noxious materials into the air, which may cause ill-health (Ofomata and Eze, 2001). Uncontrolled incineration of solid waste can also cause fire outbreaks in nearby homes and farms. Other impacts of poor Municipal Solid Waste disposal include disgusting odour, unsightliness and general degradation of the environment ( Dolk, 2002). PURPOSE OF THE RESEARH Many studies have been done on waste disposal and management in Nigeria but none has been done to explore the views of Warri south local authority staff. The aim of this research is to explore the views of the staff of Warri south local authority on municipal solid waste disposal system, and its public health implication in Warri. RESEARCH QUESTION The research question for this study is What are the perceptions of Warri South Local Authority senior staff on municipal solid waste disposal in Warri? This will encompass the issues and problems of solid waste management in the municipal. WHY PERCEPTION? According to Collins school dictionary (2000) perception is your understanding of something or someone. Perception refers to the image or feelings formed in ones mind about some perceived phenomenon or object (Okot- Uma et al, 2002). Perceptions vary from person to person, as they perceive different things about the same situation. Perception is influenced by perceivers value, beliefs, social economic circumstance and expectations (Okot- Uma et al, 2002). Peoples perception of issue influence the way they act, behave or respond to them. Decision makers working in any environment base their decision on the environment as they see it and not as it is. The action resulting from their decision on the other hand is played out in the real environment (ref). If the general perception of people who play a major role in the running of warri municipal on solid waste disposal in Warri is that it is of little importance, little or no attention will be given to it. METHODOLOGY. The study will adopt a qualitative research methodology because it aims to gain an insight and knowledge about peoples perception on waste. Qualitative research concentrates on peoples attitudes, experiences, beliefs and their perceptions of a situation (Polit et al., 2001). It aims to generate an understanding of what is going on in everyday setting and it can also be used to describe a point of view, illustrate meaning, sensitize readers or try to understand phenomena (Green and Britten, 1998). Hence qualitative research is the most appropriate approach that should be used for this study. BENEFIT OF THE RESEARCH The study will be beneficial, as it will provide an insight on how the staff in charge of daily planning of services in Warri south view waste disposal in the community. It may also help Warri south local authority in modifying and improving waste disposal strategies and systems. I intend to publish the findings and recommendations of this study in a local paper. It will also contribute to the existing body of knowledge of waste management in Nigeria. SYNOPSIS OF CHAPTERS This chapter has presented an overview of municipal solid waste disposal problems and its public health implications as an introduction to the study. Chapter two will presents a review of current significant literature on waste disposal in Nigeria and other developing countries. A brief note on how the literature search was carried out will also be stated. Following the literature review chapter, will be the methodology of the research reported in chapter three; where different research methodologies and the justification for the method chosen are discussed. The research method, which includes; sampling method, data collection, data management/analysis and ethical issues also form sections of the methodology chapter. The findings of the study and discussion are reported in chapters four and five respectively. At the end of the dissertation, the recommendations based on the research findings are stated in chapter six.

Rappaccini’s Daughter Essay: Solitude/Isolation in the Story and Hawthorne’s Life :: Rappaccinis Daughter Essays

Solitude/Isolation in â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† and Hawthorne’s Life  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In the Nathaniel Hawthorne tale, â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter,† we see and feel the solitude/isolation of the scientific-minded surgeon, Dr. Rappaccini, likewise that of his daughter, Beatrice, and finally that of the main character, Giovanni. Is this solitude not a reflection of the very life of the author?    According to A.N. Kaul in his Introduction to   Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, the themes of isolation and alienation were ones which Hawthorne was â€Å"deeply preoccupied with† in his writings (2). Hawthorne’s personal isolation from people from 1825 to 1837 was probably due to his lifelong shyness among people. This reluctance to freely socialize may have been a result of a foot injury: â€Å"an injury to his foot at the age of nine reduced his physical activity for almost two years† (Martin 16). Wagenknecht says in Nathaniel   Hawthorne – The Man, His Tales and Romances that this accident â€Å"reduced him for over two years to a state of invalidism that probably contributed toward developing his taste for reading† (2). Or Nathaniel Hawthorne’s shyness was perhaps due to the death of his father when he was but four years old. Regarding the impact of this death upon Hawthorne, Edmund Fuller and B. Jo Kinnick in â⠂¬Å"Stories Derived from New England Living,† say:    When the news came of his father’s death, Hawthorne’s mother withdrew into her upstairs bedroom, coming out only rarely during the remaining forty years of her life. The boy and his two sisters lived in almost complete isolation from her and from each other (29).    The Norton Anthology: American Literature states that as a college student at Bowdoin College â€Å"shyness caused him to try to evade the obligatory public declamations† (547). It continues:    Hawthorne’s years between 1825 and 1837 have fascinated his biographers and critics. Hawthorne himself took pains to propagate the notion that he had lived as a hermit who left his upstairs room only for nighttime walks and hardly communicated even with his mother and sisters (547).    Henry James, a contemporary of Nathaniel Hawthorne, who knew him socially, had lots to say about Hawthorne’s isolation and shyness in his book Hawthorne:    . . . this region to be of a "weird and woodsy" character; and Hawthorne, later in life, spoke of it to a friend as the place where "I first got my cursed habits of solitude.

Black Swan Essay

Speech problems are serious hardship for children as they have to cope not only with medical aspects of the problem, but also with social exclusion and mockery. David Mitchell in his book tends to recreate the childhood from the child’s viewpoint, to transmit feelings, emotions, doubts and anxieties of children. Moreover, the author decided to show the life and hardships of a boy suffering from stammer. Children always feel embarrassed when they stammer as they think they may be mocked at. The world of children with speech problem is delicate and fragile; therefore, they are vulnerable to more stresses and anxieties. They are less confident and more reserved. That is what the author is willing to show in his book. Jason Taylor, the main character, is a common teenager who was born in a village in Worcestershire in the year of 1982. Though he is unremarkable in appearance, he is aspiring poet. He is highly gifted child with rich inner world. Jason tells the story about his school days, about problems with parents and his elder sister who irritates him constantly. However, Jason has speech problem – he has a stammer and this fact makes him feel embarrassed and unconfident. Like all children Jason has secrets from his parents and school friends. He hides the fact that he is a poet and his poetry is written under the name of Eliot Bolivar. (Mitchell 2006) The author starts his novel from explaining and examining the social status of childhood. The first chapters are devoted to analyzing why some children are called by their first names, some children – by â€Å"sort of respectful nicknames like ‘Yardy’†, wheras others by their surnames and some by ‘piss-take nicknames like Moran Moron or Nicholas Briar who’s Knickerless Bra. . It’s all ranks, being a boy, like the army†. Mitchell shows that children are other people in the world. The book is an interesting and exciting story of a 13-year boy whose parents divorce. The author provides detailed overview of his anxieties, thoughts and reflections. Actually, the author details on the first year of his life after the divorce. It is discovered the Jason’s father has another woman. As for me, the most impressive part of the book is when Mitchell writes about Jason’s stammer stressing that this speech impediment causes lots of problems for young boy as he has to â€Å"think one sentence ahead, and if you see a stammer-word coming up, alter your sentence so you won’t need to use it†. Jason is a very sensitive and vulnerable personality and he is afraid of being labeled as â€Å"Stutterboy†. He hides his stammer and fears that his school friends and teachers would become aware of his speech problems. The author impressively conveys Jason’s inner anxieties and feelings to the readers. The book is poignant as the author is struggling to keep the tension and intrigue at the desires level. (Mitchell 2006) I think that the book is a mix of genres as the author refers to social realism when showing that children with speech problems may suffer from social exclusion, and romanticism when conveying Jason’s inner struggle. Mitchell vividly depicts Jason’s family life. Mitchell shows his best qualifications of a caricaturist. He has a better ear for the smarmy and the self-important, like Jason’s father, than for the more softly spoken. For example, he claims at the dinner table: â€Å"The principle, o daughter of mine, is a universal constant. If you don’t keep records, you can’t make progress assessments. True for retailers, true for educators, true for the military, true for any systems operator. One bright day in your brilliant career †¦ you’ll learn this the hard way and think, if only I’d listened to my dear wise father. How right he was†. Actually, Jason gets the best lines in the novel. The author chooses the child character to show the different consciousness, different attitudes and perception of the problems and anxieties. Mitchell defines childhood as inevitably the age of false notes and brashness. He outlines that children shouldn’t be allowed too much knowingness. Jason is well-educated and quick-witted boy and his perception of the world is rather fresh and original. For example, Jason thinks: â€Å"Woods don’t bother with fences or borders. Woods are†¦ fences and borders. The world won’t leave things be. It’s always injecting endings into beginnings. The crows parascended up and off†. (Mitchell 2006) Jason is also very observant and shrewd. When he sees that his father meets his brother-in-law, he mentions: â€Å"Each was wearing the jersey the other’d given him for Christmas†. In such a way the author restore the slang of Black Swan’s school children. (Mitchell 2006) I like the way Jason depicts love and affection, when a girl attracts him, he says: â€Å"Magnets don’t need to understand magnetism. Listening to houses breathe makes you weightless†, etc. But the striking sentences and snatches of dialogue are too often waylaid by cutesy apercus – â€Å"The earth’s a door if you press your ear against it† – and the narrator’s wish to be too cunningly callow. (Mitchell 2006) Speaking about what I have learnt from the book, firstly, I want to say that the book has made me more aware about the world children with speech problems live in. I am really impressed by Taylor’s pretence to see beyond his childhood. I think that boy is too clever and intelligent for his age, though he shouldn’t hurry to become old. The book is very informative as it reveals the reality of life: children wit stammer may undergo mockery and social exclusion. A child may be excellent student and talented personality, though children would laugh at his speech impediment. The author teaches us to be more tolerate and to think and only then to act. Moreover, I see psychological changes occurring with children after parents have divorced. I found out that children became more reserved and failed to display their true feelings and emotions. And I think that Jason’s stammer is apparent consequence of parent’s divorce. (Mitchell 2006) David Mitchell wants, in my opinion, to do a very ambitious thing in this novel, which is to write a book about a young adolescent – and the young adolescent as natural poet – as though it was written by a young adolescent, but he hasn’t quite found the voice for it. A young adolescent finding his voice by experimenting with other voices is a useful device for a novelist. But a young adolescent is even more promising for contemporary fiction because he is someone who doesn’t want to be too accessible or too unpopular. Mitchell’s fans should see this as a transitional novel in what is already an intriguing career. The book is filled with Jason’s insights and revelations. The adult world is obsessed with fame and erotic life, and, therefore, Mitchell’s book is of great importance as it teaches people to be more patient and tolerate towards children with speech and health problems. The book is very impressive and it remains nobody indifferent. Mitchell shows that children are strongly affected psychologically when parents decided to divorce. Mitchell’s book covers all these problems stressing that children psychologically suffer from parental split up and their speech problems may become more severe. The book is surely the ambitious study of adolescence. (Mitchell 2006) The book is relevant to the course â€Å"Communication Science† as the auhtor discusses speech probems of Jason Taylor, in particular, stammer and its psychological affect on child’s behavior. Mitchell shows that speech problems make children feel shy and self-conscious. Ccommunication is playing nowadays one of the most important roles in society because it is the core source of mutual understanding among people. Communication is the greatest luxury given to people. Works Cited Mitchell, David. Black Swan: A Novel. Random House, 2006.

Causes of the Latin American Revolution

Causes of the Latin American Revolution As late as 1808, Spains New World Empire stretched from parts of the present-day western US to Tierra del Fuego in South America, from the Caribbean Sea to the Pacific Ocean. By 1825, it was all gone except for a handful of islands in the Caribbean- broken into several independent states. How could Spains New World Empire fall apart so quickly and completely? The answer is long and complicated, but here are some of the essential causes of the Latin American Revolution. Lack of Respect for the Creoles By the late eighteenth century, the Spanish colonies had a thriving class of Creoles (Criollo in Spanish), wealthy men and women of European ancestry born in the New World. The revolutionary hero Simon Bolivar is a good example, as he was born in Caracas to a well-to-do Creole family four generations of whom who had lived in Venezuela, but as a rule, did not intermarry with the locals. Spain discriminated against the Creoles, appointing mostly new Spanish immigrants to important positions in the colonial administration. In the audiencia (court) of Caracas, for example, no native Venezuelans were appointed from 1786 to 1810. During that time, ten Spaniards and four creoles from other areas did serve. This irritated the influential Creoles who correctly felt that they were being ignored. No Free Trade The vast Spanish New World Empire produced many goods, including coffee, cacao, textiles, wine, minerals and more. But the colonies were only allowed to trade with Spain, and at rates advantageous for Spanish merchants. Many Latin Americans began selling their goods illegally to the British colonies and after 1783, U.S. merchants. By the late 18th century, Spain was forced to loosen some trade restrictions, but the move was too little, too late as those who produced these goods now demanded a fair price for them. Other Revolutions By 1810, Spanish America could look to other nations to see revolutions and their results. Some were a positive influence: The American Revolution (1765–1783) was seen by many in South America as a good example of elite leaders of colonies throwing off European rule and replacing it with a more fair and democratic society- later, some constitutions of new republics borrowed heavily from the U.S. Constitution. Other revolutions were not as positive. The Haitian Revolution, a bloody but successful uprising of slaves against their French colonial owners (1791–1804), terrified landowners in the Caribbean and northern South America, and as the situation worsened in Spain, many feared that Spain could not protect them from a similar uprising. A Weakened Spain In 1788, Charles III of Spain, a competent ruler, died and his son Charles IV took over. Charles IV was weak and indecisive and mostly occupied himself with hunting, allowing his ministers to run the Empire. As an ally of Napoleons First French Empire, Spain willingly joined with Napoleonic France and began fighting the British. With a weak ruler and the Spanish military tied up, Spains presence in the New World decreased markedly and the Creoles felt more ignored than ever. After Spanish and French naval forces were crushed at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, Spains ability to control the colonies lessened even more. When Great Britain attacked Buenos Aires in 1806–1807, Spain could not defend the city and a local militia had to suffice. American Identities There was a growing sense in the colonies of being separate from Spain. These differences were cultural and often a source of great pride among Creole families and regions. By the end of the eighteenth century, the visiting Prussian scientist Alexander Von Humboldt (1769–1859) noted that the locals preferred to be called Americans rather than Spaniards. Meanwhile, Spanish officials and newcomers consistently treated creoles with disdain, maintaining and further widening the social gap between them. Racism While Spain was racially pure in the sense that the Moors, Jews, gypsies and other ethnic groups had been kicked out centuries before, the New World populations were a diverse mixture of Europeans, Indians and blacks brought in as slaves. The highly racist colonial society was extremely sensitive to minute percentages of black or Indian blood. A persons status in society could be determined by how many 64ths of Spanish heritage one had. To further muddle things up, Spanish law allowed wealthy people of mixed heritage to buy whiteness and thus rise in a society that did not want to see their status change. This caused resentment within the privileged classes. The dark side of the revolutions was that they were fought, in part, to maintain a racist status quo in the colonies freed of Spanish liberalism. Final Straw: Napoleon Invades Spain 1808 Tired of the waffling of Charles IV and Spains inconsistency as an ally, Napoleon invaded in 1808 and quickly conquered not only Spain but Portugal as well. He replaced Charles IV with his own brother,  Joseph Bonaparte. A Spain ruled by France was an outrage even for New World loyalists: Many men and women who would have otherwise supported the royalist side now joined the insurgents. Those who resisted Napoleon in Spain begged the colonials for help but refused to promise to reduce trade restrictions if they won. Rebellion The chaos in Spain provided a perfect excuse to rebel and yet not commit treason. Many Creoles said they were loyal to Spain, not Napoleon. In places like Argentina, colonies sort of declared independence, claiming they would only rule themselves until such time as Charles IV or his son Ferdinand was put back on the Spanish throne. This half-measure was much more palatable to those who did not want to declare independence outright. But in the end, there was no real going back from such a step. Argentina was the first to formally declare independence on July 9, 1816. The independence of Latin America from Spain was a foregone conclusion as soon as the creoles began thinking of themselves as Americans and the Spaniards as something different from them. By that time, Spain was between a rock and a hard place: The creoles clamored for positions of influence in the colonial bureaucracy and for freer trade. Spain granted neither, which caused great resentment and helped lead to independence. Even if Spain had agreed to these changes, they would have created a more powerful, wealthy colonial elite with experience in administering their home regions- a road that also would have led directly to independence. Some Spanish officials must have realized this and so the decision was taken to squeeze the utmost out of the colonial system before it collapsed. Of all of the factors listed above, the most important is probably  Napoleons invasion of Spain. Not only did it provide a massive distraction and tie up Spanish troops and ships, it pushed many undecided Creoles over the edge in favor of independence. By the time Spain was beginning to stabilize- Ferdinand reclaimed the throne in 1813- colonies in Mexico, Argentina, and northern South America were in revolt. Sources Lockhart, James, and Stuart B. Schwartz. Early Latin America: A History of Colonial Spanish America and Brazil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.Lynch, John.  Simà ³n Bolà ­var: A Life.  2006: Yale University Press.Scheina, Robert L.  Latin Americas Wars: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791–1899.  Washington: Brasseys, 2003.Selbin, Eric. Modern Latin American Revolutions, 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2018.

Companies Who Practice Positive Social Responsibility Article

Companies Who Practice Positive Social Responsibility Article Companies Who Practice Positive Social Responsibility – Article Example Companies who practice positive Social Responsibility Affiliation: The article istitled â€Å"Steel firms change track on CSR.† It is from a wall street journal in New Delhi known as â€Å"livemint (livemint.com/2012/04/01190713/Steel-firms-change-track-on-CS.html).† This article is written by Ruchira Singh and was written on April 1st, 2012.The article discusses how steel firms in India have finally headed to the advice and criticisms from the community and non-governmental organizations and changed its main focus and goal from maximizing profits (which was accompanied by destruction of the environment and death of thousands of people from the steel mines) to incorporating aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Some of these steel firms like Essar and Tata have been engaging in community development activities and also environmental sustainability programs. Some of their community development projects not only target the community but specific individuals in need like those requiring surgeries for example. Their commitment is serious as Essar for example has set aside 26% of its profits for positive social responsibility projects and measures.The news from the article is in line with the advantages of having CSR incorporated in an organization. Some of these advantages like community development go way ahead and ensure the sustainability of the organization as it continues to gain approval of its stakeholder’s majority of who are the customers (community). Environmental sustainability as mentioned in the article is also another advantage of engaging in CSR. Sustainability of the environment and having green programs ensures that the organization cares about the future generation and the continuity of the world and even making it better. Lack of CSR in an organization leads to criticisms and may even lead to slow downfall of the organization since the community does not approve it and civil societies continue fighting the organiz ation portraying bad publicity for the organization.ReferencesSingh, R. (April 1st, 2012). â€Å"Steel firms change track on CSR.† Livemint. Retrieved from: livemint.com/2012/04/01190713/Steel-firms-change-track-on-CS.html

Cultural Relativism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cultural Relativism - Essay Example views of families who has common theme of central aspect of experience, evaluation, thought and reality which is relative to something else (Atran and Medin,46). In the video session, Rachel’s rejects cultural relativism since in his understanding, cultural relativism is similar to ethical relativism, which in turn leads to inability to criticize believes and practices of different societies (Atran and Medin,67). Despite the fact that relatives lines of thought a times leads to improbable conclusions, there is always something seductive about them, which has captivated wide range of thinkers from various traditions. The major philosophical issues of intellectual descendants of cultural relativism includes the multiculturalism which gives equal value for all cultures, racism which is a type of multiculturalism where individual has an erroneous idea about his or her race, political correctness, deconstructionism and postmodernisms. In the video summary of James Rachel, he explains the elements of moral philosophy by first defining the meaning of morality. He gives an example of baby Theresa who was born without auxiliary functions of her brain, the baby is left so that her organs can be used to help others, and this creates an argument that life is worthless without better interaction with each other. The other side argues that using other person’s life to fulfil the other is wrong and unethical (Atran and Medin, 98). Rachel also continues to explain that different cultures have unique customs and different ways of thinking. This shows that it would be very hard for a particular individual of one culture to understand these differences (Atran and Medin, 156). This makes it difficult to judge individual culture of living, the problem with this cultural relativism is that as an argument it does not make sense in universal truths of

Visual Arts - Art and Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Visual Arts - Art and Technology - Essay Example Art plays an important role in the cultural development of the society. People need a medium to voice their opinions, and sometimes words are not enough to incite a feeling of content/discontent or different thinking. This is where art plays a major role, where it helps to instigate and incite feelings about abstract things in life which have a very basic purpose, but at the same time are very important and which have been forgotten in the cloud of corporatization and commercialization of human values and dignity. Art is a human expression which defies boundaries, caters to every aspect of human emotions, and envisages an idea which might seem different and alien at that time, but on the other hand it looks for the future, a time when we would not have artificial inhibitions protruding our desires. Art is a beautiful form of expression, and at the same time it can also serve to be an expression of an evil mind, but still, even at that particular time, it is serving for something inno cent or understandably non committal which just flows out of the mind and spreads on the canvas. So the next question which needs to be answered is how much influence has art played on the people and the society? The theme which has been picked for this part is technology and its advancements. The essay shall analyse the technological advancements and how art has played a role in shaping technology drastically. Technology has been regarded as a medium where in the past, there was very less scope for art to progress. It was said by many people that something which relates to circuit boards and engine, chips and floppy disks cannot be painted on a canvas, or cannot be designed in such a way that the human eye meets beauty. Then came Apple; a company founded by Steve Jobs, a man who looked at things extremely differently. Steve Jobs propagated the idea of technology being merged with art. According to him, a gadget was considered to be a piece of beauty which could be constructed in an artistry form, and be more appreciable to the consumer, rather than having a bulky looking machine with intimidating features. The Macintosh was released in 1984. The year marked the first time that people saw a computer equipped with a Graphical User Interface. The computer was extremely easy to use and consisted of a mouse which was never seen before. It was a machine which could be used and operated by people in their houses and for their daily personal basis, not necessarily inviting people belonging to corporate honchos exclusively. The Mac was a favourite among the consumers. It was small, not bulky, consisted of an interface which was as artistic as the hardware, the chips were placed in a beautiful order even though one could not see them, the casing was completely cubical, the mouse was small and fitted a human hand, and the floppy disk was right below the screen so it was easy to navigate. All these features made the Mac an artistic product which deserved its place in the Museum of Modern Art. The product signified technology and consumerism. It stated that even technological gadgets could be artistic in nature, and that it dwelled in the culture of technology and development, where it was identified as a piece of human development, with the advent of personal computers we were now venturing into a new territory which now seemed inevitable since everyone uses a computer to accomplish their daily tasks, and the Mac was the

Comparison of the U.S foreign policy in the Middle East under the Bush Essay

Comparison of the U.S foreign policy in the Middle East under the Bush Doctrine and Obama Administration - Essay Example In the words of Irving Kristol, the heralded ‘Godfather of Neoconservatism’, Neoconservatism â€Å"is not a movement but a persuasion, one that manifests itself over time, but erratically, and one who’s meaning we clearly glimpse only in retrospect.† Neoconservatism emerged as a dialogue with liberalism and these neoconservatives were driven to the right in the early 1970s when crime was increasing in the United States , the soviet Union was making a lot of progress in the cold war and the dominant wing of the Democratic party was not willing to get tough on their problem. With this, it bore another much broader concept: American exceptionalism. This discours according to Michael McKinley speaks of America as â€Å"embodying an inexpugnable uniqueness beyond the common conceits of national identity found universally.† In other words it is derived from the concept of manifest destiny and the declaration of independence. The Bush Doctrine lays its persistence upon the value of war culture as basis for maintaining strong nationalism and cultural unity. We see it creating the justification for the U.S to create a new enemy with the USSR. The presidents rhetoric â€Å"Either you are with us or you are against us† embodied the exceptionalist concept whereby the â€Å"terrorists† were characterized as â€Å"enemies of freedom†. It is a manipulation which serves to create an ‘us vs. ... The main difference however is the liberal approach on the Obama’s administration on the United Nations, where he embraces the importance of multilateral organizations and uses more diplomatic stunts and mediation between states. There is no punishment to the country that does not offer assistance to the U.S in the Obama’s administration which was in contrast to the Bush Doctrine. The other difference between the two was that the Bush Doctrine has disdain for international institutions and sees them as constraints to the US power while the latter actually sees them as a useful way to legitimate America dominance. With this it is clear that both of them exploit the virtues of American Democracy, both resort to military power as a vessel of change and both seek to ensure United States as the global dominant. In as much as we see a lot of similarities, Obama’s more liberal approach seems to be more effective compared to the Bush Doctrine. This is because in as much as the Obama administration is trying to uphold the externalization, it also makes all the other nations feel like allies since there is no force used and thus feel more willing to join hands. Comparisons between the US foreign policy towards Russia and towards the European Union One of the priorities of the Obama’s administration foreign policies was to see upon the change of certain international agendas but with great observation to a more diplomatic approach. He also stressed in multilateralism. In other words this is increased relation with the third world countries with which the former presidents regime were in constant logger heads with like Iran. This is something that has

Security Survey Essay Example for Free

Security Survey Essay A security survey at Reedy Recovery Company was conducted on September 15, 2011 by Amy Reedy who was invited and retained by DeVry University for a security assessment. Information in the report was obtained from James Write, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial officer, and Rhonda Forbes, Facilities Manager, personal observations were done by James Write during the inspection of the DeVry facility. The intentions of this report are a detailed audit of all security aspects and phases of the Reedy Recovery Company. Our company will review and evaluate areas and activities that are considered most vulnerable to theft and safety risks. It is not the intentions of Reedy Recovery Company or the writer of this report to evaluate DeVry’s employees or their integrity and this is not what this report will attempt to do. We are solely here for the security of the company alone. Summary Reedy Recovery Company is a business that acquires PC components from a number of sources, we then look them over and transform them to perform better and enhance security features on them and return them back to our clients. We are a company owned 80 percent by Pccorp and 20 percent byPCfix. com. Other services include building and assembly of Pc’s. We at Reedy Recovery Company are ranked number one in the market in the PC security industry. The Reedy Recovery Company has a great process in handling our clients merchandise and it is a very promising and satisfactory process. All of our products are equipped with ESN or model numbers, these can be scanned or imputed my hand by the receiver of the product. This insures that the product is imputed in to our computerized inventory tracking system and is safe and secure until ready for repair or production. When handled by each person in the process of repairs they are also required to scan or hand enter the model number so you the client can see where your merchandise is and it what stage it is at so you have an idea of the retrieval of your product. Before it is placed with the rest of the shipments it is scanned again so that the tracking of your device is easy for you to follow allowing you to know the date of delivery. Details General information The DeVry Center is located on a four-acre plot of land in downtown New York City. It is a 30-story corporate tower high-rise, which includes 1,250 underground parking garage spaces and a rooftop garden. Construction of the building was completed in December of 2008, and 27 of the 30 floors are occupied by tenants. Currently, there are 1,800 tenants in the building, which has a maximum capacity of 2,000. There are several computer rooms, a restricted control and observation room, a records room, human resource area which contains records, scanners and critical information. Since the end of construction in December of 2008 they have designed different access to areas to limit employees from entering an area in which they are not granted access. Due to the heavy and ongoing work of these employees, future or potential employees are processed by Reedy Recovery Company. In which we do back ground checks and drug screening. All employees present and future need sign a confidentially agreement stating that at any given time and without giving them a reason that their office space, computers, emails and files may be searched. And any employee not willing to sign this agreement may be asked to leave the company or can chose not to be hired as a direct result of not signing the agreement. Physical security DeVry is a 24 hour operating facility from the hours of 8am to 5pm there is a receptionist stationed at the front reception desk. Beginning at 5pm a security officer takes the place of the receptionist. Badges with bar codes are provided for every employee and visitor that contains their credentials, on it showing who they are what areas they are allowed to visit and what position they maintain at the company. A sign in log is also located on the desk and upon arrival the person must sign in and have their badge swiped for recognition that the person is who they claim to be and authorization to the facility. These badges are also used as swipe cards to gain access to an area, once swiped the doors will either open or give an error message that says access denied. Being that all doors are electronic and can only be opened with a badge swipe there is a 4 hour backup system that incase of fire or power outage will allow access to evacuate the premises if the power fails. In the head of security managers office there is a lock box which contains keys as well so if the system fails electronically it may be opened by key. From 8am to 5pm a security officer is patrolling the outside perimeter and the garage and garden area. A cleaning crew is also part of the DeVry facility however because of clearance issues they are accompanied by a security officer to every area they go to ensure they are cleaning and cleaning only. Alarm Systems DeVry is equipped with an alarm system by ADT however the system has never been armed and only the CEO knows the pass code. Out of the 30 stories there are only two emergency exists on the premises. There are two fire pull switches both located on the first floor, fire detectors are installed but no kind of sprinkler system is located in the building, only a single fire extinguisher. CCTV There are cctvs located on several of the floors totaling a count of 12 all together. The recordings of these can be viewed for a period of 30 days and after that are erased automatically. There are three locations these can be viewed, one is the reception desk, one is located in the facility managers office and the other in the control room at the shipping and receiving area. Visitors All visitors must check in at the receptions desk be given an id badge and sign in on the visitors log book. Inventory Control The access to the vault is limited to 6 employees. The CEO, Facility Manager, Security manager and the head of shipping and receiving along with 2 shipping and receiving employees. There is one camera located at the desk pointing at the vault itself. There is no log for the person entering it or if they have a visitor with them anything to sign or check before entering. Shipping and Receiving The shipping and receiving area is located inside the vault equipped with three doors for items to be dropped off or picked up. The access to this area is limited to the personnel listed above. Access is granted only by use of the swipe badge by the electronic system. There is no use of CCTV in the vault, but at the request of DeVry Reedy Recovery system has installed a lock box for additional security of the items. As items are processed in or out of the facility they are scanned in to the system for tracking insurance. Recommendations The security procedures of Reedy Recovery Company have proven to be thorough and extremely effective. As badges are used and swiped upon entry to the building and a sign in log used, it would be in the best interest for DeVry to also ask to see another form of ID such as a driver’s license to ensure that the person is who they claim to be. It is also in the best interest of DeVry to include in their badges tracking software that logs entry to areas and monitoring the persons activities while inside the facility. As for the reception desk it is recommended that a buzzer be placed on the outside of the entry door so that the person has to be allowed access to the facility, along with this another CCTV should be set on the outside of the door so that he or she can see the door and who is standing there before buzzing a person in. It is also recommended that the security officer who patrols the grounds while the receptionist is at her desk not only do it between the hours of 8am and 5pm, but that shift are made to patrol the grounds at all times, as anyone could find out this schedule and attempt to breach the facility when they know an officer is not patrolling after 5pm. As there are alarm systems available to the company but not being used it is recommended that these systems be armed at all times and employees be made aware of these alarms, what areas will set the alarms off, and how they should use them properly and safely as to not engage them and cause a scare that is not an actual threat. These can also be in correlation with the badge swipe system. The CCTV as it is good to have should be increased to one on every floor at each end of a hall way, placed inside the vault area for monitoring. Also the 30 days of saved recording times should be changed to a 60 day period in case something is found late it can be reviewed as needed. Also it is recommended that a CCTV be placed in the parking garages, and on the roof garden for better monitoring of the grounds, TV monitors should be placed at the reception desk, the Security Managers office and one in the control room or viewing of these areas as well. Access to visitors should not be so easy, when entering the building the receptionist or security officer whoever is on duty should log the signature of the visitor, make a copy of his or her driver’s license for security reasons and also compare the picture on the ID to the person giving it to them. Only after this should they be given a badge to allow them access to the facility. The person on duty should be aware that if a person who presents an ID that is not theirs or seems to be false, they should excuse themselves and call the security manager immediately so that proper action can be taken and local authorities notified. We spoke of fire alarms and emergency exists. As of now they are located only on the first floor. It is recommended that one fire exit be placed on each floor with access to a fire escape passage in case of a fire. Besides the two pull switches on the first floor one should be located in an easy to reach area on each floor. Also sprinkler systems should be installed on every floor and in the vault area so in case of a fire, the sprinkler systems can attempt to control the fire while the local fire department is on its way. This goes with using the security system also, when the security system provided by ADT is activated if a fire does break out ADT is notified and calls the local fire department for you, so you can rest assure help is on the way. The vault area should have CCTV on every door where the shipping and receiving goes on. A camera should be added to the hallway area monitoring employees there. Another CCTV should be monitoring the lobby outside the vault area and it should be able to be viewed by employees inside the vault area. Shipping and receiving should be more closely monitored especially when some of the items are being picked up by and external carrier. These people should also show ID for the company they are working for and along with signing the receiving slip also sign in to a log book with their name, time, date and what they are picking up and dropping off. Please be advised that these are the recommendations of Reedy Recovery Company and we take great pride in being given the opportunity to assist you in your security needs for your facility. You can rest assured that your company will be at little risk if you take these recommendations and put them to work for you. It has been a pleasure in assisting you in increasing the security of your company and if you have any other concerns or questions please feel free to contact our office and ask to speak to me directly.